The term consolidation refers to cracks and distress of building due to water expulsion. These apparatus, also known as oedometer is used to conduct consolidation test for soil.

Consolidation tests are conducted to obtain soil data which are essentially required for predicting the rate and amount of settlement of structures. The test helps to determine the clay structure. Consolidation test is one dimensional test and is considered extremely important in soil mechanics.

Specification
There are different types of these apparatus available with different specifications.

Fixed Proving Ring type consolidation apparatus includes :

• Loading frame cap 20 kg/cm with loading yoke and lever arm (ratio1:1) complete with counter balancing arrangement. The whole assembly is mounted on a sturdy steel frame stand.
• Fixed ring consolidation cell 60 mm dia x 20 mm thick complete with two porous stone, perforated pressure pad, channeled base with water inlet, gasket and cutting ring.
• Flanged water jacket, water reservoir with plastic tubing and pinchcock.
• Dial gauge 0.002 mm x 12 mm travel.
• Set of weights to give a stress intensity of 10 kg/ cm, 2.5 x 0.1kg/cm, 2.6 x 0.5 kg/sq cm & 5 x 1 kg/sq cm.

Three Gang type consolidation apparatus consists of three unit mounted on a single frame.
Six Gang type consolidation apparatus consists of a Dial gauge 0.002 mm travel.

Uses

• Using Apparatus, evaluation of consolidation characteristics of soils of low permeability can be conducted.
• The apparatus can be used to conduct tests to determine clay structure.
• The apparatus helps to determine the rate and magnitude of consolidation of soil when it restrained laterally and subjected to vertical loads.

Application
Some of the areas where finds are :

• Soil Analysis
• Construction Industry
• Geophysical Tests
• Agriculture